Can you do a factory reset without a SIM card?
Photo Credit: Courtesy of 3DStockPhoto (sim card image)
Even if no SIM card is in the device, you can reset the iOS software normally; apps and functions that require mobile service won't work until the SIM card is in the phone, but the iOS software will still work normally. Add a SIM card before or after resetting the iPhone to connect to your provider's network.